The inventors aim to assess IL-33 and HMGB1 contributions as alarmins to I/R injury following solid organ transplantation in particular liver transplantation. This study was conducted from a prospective biological collection and a clinical database of 40 liver transplant recipients in Tours hospital center. Serum IL-33 and HMGB1 levels were determined at graft reperfusion, at the end of the liver transplantation and at postoperative day 1 and 3. A post-reperfusion liver biopsy was systematic. Serum IL-33 increase is associated with: i) severe-moderate liver lesions; ii) an early allograft dysfunction; iii) a post-reperfusion syndrome occurrence; iv) a post liver transplantation acute kidney injury occurrence. Serum HMGB1 increase is associated with: i) an early allograft dysfunction; ii) a post-reperfusion syndrome occurrence. IL-33 and HMGB1 thus contribute as alarmins to I/R injury in human liver transplantation. Their serum levels are predictive of I/R injury severity and its clinical impact. Serum assay for IL-33 and HMGB1 upon graft reperfusion could be used as early biomarkers of early allograft function in solid organ transplantation, in particular in liver transplantation.